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| Mann, Florian; Szczerbowski, Daiane; De Silva, Lisa; Mcclure, Melanie; Elias, Marianne; Schulz, Stefan. |
| Male ithomiine butterflies (Nymphalidae: Danainae) have hairpencils on the forewings (i.e. androconia) that disseminate semiochemicals during courtship. While most ithomiines are known to contain derivatives of pyrrolizidine alkaloids, dihydropyrrolizines or g-lactones in these androconia, here we report on a new class of fatty acid esters identified in two subspecies, Ithomia salapia aquinia and I. s. derasa. The major components were identified as isoprenyl (3-methyl-3-butenyl) (Z)-3-acetyloxy-11-octadecenoate, isoprenyl (Z)-3-acetyloxy-13-octadecenoate (12) and isoprenyl 3-acetyloxyoctadecanoate (11) by GC/MS- and GC/IR-analyses, microderivatizations, and synthesis of representative compounds. The absolute configuration of 12 was determined to be R. The... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Fatty acid esters; Mass spectrometry; Mimicry; Pheromones; Pyrrolizidine alkaloids. |
| Ano: 2020 |
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00643/75512/76362.pdf |
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| Duffield, James A.; Shapouri, Hosein; Graboski, Michael S.; McCormick, Robert; Wilson, Richard. |
| With environmental and energy source concerns on the rise, using agricultural fats and oils as fuel in diesel engines has captured increasing attention. Substituting petroleum diesel with biodiesel may reduce air emissions, increase the domestic supply of fuel, and create new markets for farmers. U.S. agricultural fats and oils could support a large amount of biodiesel, but high production costs and competing uses for biodiesel feedstocks will likely prevent mass adoption of biodiesel fuel. Higher-priced niche markets could develop for biodiesels as a result of environmental regulations. Biodiesel has many environmental advantages relative to petroleum diesel, such as lower CO, CO2, SOx, and particulate matter emissions. Enhancing fuel properties by... |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Biodiesel; Biodiesel blends; Fatty acid esters; Soybean; Oil crops; Animal fats; Plant genetics; Diesel engines; Alternative fuels; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy. |
| Ano: 1998 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/34029 |
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